Culture Shock and Its Implications for Cross-Cultural Training and Culture Teaching

Dongfeng LI

Abstract


The present paper attempts to make a contrastive study of the disease model and the growth model of culture shock. After analyzing their similarities and differences and comparing their contributions to the cross-cultural adaptation, it points out the necessity of the combination of the two models so as to make culture shock a less stressful and more positive experience. It also provides some implications for cross-cultural training and culture teaching in China.

Key Words: Culture shock; The disease model; The growth model; Cross-cultural adaptation


Keywords


Culture shock; The disease model; The growth model; Cross-cultural adaptation

References


Adler, N.J. (1991). International Dimensions of Organizational Behavior (2nd ed.). Boston, MA: PWS-KENT.

Adler, P.S. (1975). The Transitional Experience: An Alternative View of Culture Shock. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 15(4), 13-23.

Barna, Laray M. (1983). The Stress Factor in Intercultural Relations. In Dan Landis & Ricahrd T. W. Brislin (Eds.), Handbook of Intercultural Draining (Vol.2, pp. 19-49). Elmsford, NY: Pergamon.

Berry, J.W., Poortinga, Y.H., Segall, M.H., & Dasen, P.J. (1992). Cross-Cultural Sychology: Research and Applications. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Church, A.T. (1982). Sojourner Adjustment. Psychological Bulletin, 91, 540-572.

Daws, G. (1968). Shoal of Time: A History of the Hawaiian Islands. Honolulu: University Press of Hawaii.

Furnham, A., & Bochner, S. (1986). Culture Shock: Psychological Reactions to Unfamiliar Environments, with a Foreword by Walter J. Lonner. London; New York: Methuen.

Gundykunst, W.B., Hammer, M., & Wiseman, W.B. (1977). Determinants of the Sojourner’s Attitudinal Satisfaction. In B. Ruben (Ed.), Communication Yearbook 1. New Brunswick, N.J.: Transactiona-International Communication Association.

Hymes, D. (1972). Directions in Sociolinguistics. In J.J. Gumperz & D. Hymes (Eds.), The Ethnography of Communication. U.K.: Basic Blackwell Ltd.

Juffer, K.A. (1987). The First Step in Cross-Cultural Orientation: Defining the Problem. In M. Paige (Ed.), Cross Cultural Orientation: New Conceptualizations and Applications (pp. 175-192). Lanham, MD: University Press of America.

Kealey, D.J. (1988). Explaining and Predicting Cross-Cultural Adjustment and Effectiveness: A Study of Canadian Technical Advisors Overseas (A Thesis Submitted to the Department of Psychology in Conformity with the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy). Queens University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.

Kim, Y.Y. (1991). Communication and Cross-Cultural Adaptation: An Integrative Theory. Exeter: Multilingual Matters, Ltd., Short Run Press.

Kim, Y.Y. (2004). Cross-Cultural Adaptation: Axioms. In Ruiqing Du, Dexin Tian & Benxian Li (Eds.), Selected Readings in Intercultural Communication (pp. 411-430). Xi’an: Xi’an Jiao Tong University Press.

Lafayette, R.G. (1988). Toward a New Integration of Language and Culture. In Northeast Conference, Northeast Conference Inc.

Lesser, S.O., & Peter, H.W.S. (1957). Training Foreign Nationals in the United States. In R. Likert & S. P. Hayes (Eds), Some Applications of Behavioral Research. Paris: UNESCO.

Lysgaard, S. (1955). Adjustment in a Foreign Society: Norwegian Fulbright Grantees Visiting the United States. International Social Science Bulletin ,7, 45-51.

Lewis, T., & Jugman, R. (1986). On Being Foreign: Culture Shock in Short Fiction, an International Anthology. Yarmouth, ME: Intercultural Press.

Oberg, K. (1960). Practical Anthropology 7. Cultural Shock: Adjustment to New Cultural Environments (pp. 177-182).

Samovar, L.A., Porter, R.E., & Stefani, Lisa. (2000). Communication Between Cultures (3rd ed.). Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.

Seelye, H.N., & Seelye-James, Alan. (1995). Culture Clash: Managing in a Multicultural World. Chicago: NTC Business Books.

Selye, Hans. (1974). Stress Without Distress. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott.

Stephan, W.G. & Brigham, J.C. (1985). Intergroup Contact: Introduction. Journal of Social Issues, 41(3), 1-8.

Weaver, Gary R. (2000). Understanding and Coping with Cross-cultural Adjustment Stress. In Gary R. Weaver (Ed.). Culture, Communication and Conflict (pp. 177-194). Boston: Pearson Publishing.

刘爱真 (2001)。关于研制大学英语文化因素细目表的探讨。《外语与外语教学》,2,44-45。




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/j.ccc.1923670020120804.1433

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2012 Dongfeng LI

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.


Share us to:   


Reminder

  • How to do online submission to another Journal?
  • If you have already registered in Journal A, then how can you submit another article to Journal B? It takes two steps to make it happen:

1. Register yourself in Journal B as an Author

  • Find the journal you want to submit to in CATEGORIES, click on “VIEW JOURNAL”, “Online Submissions”, “GO TO LOGIN” and “Edit My Profile”. Check “Author” on the “Edit Profile” page, then “Save”.

2. Submission

Online Submission: http://cscanada.org/index.php/ccc/submission/wizard

  • Go to “User Home”, and click on “Author” under the name of Journal B. You may start a New Submission by clicking on “CLICK HERE”.
  • We only use four mailboxes as follows to deal with issues about paper acceptance, payment and submission of electronic versions of our journals to databases: caooc@hotmail.com; office@cscanada.net; ccc@cscanada.net; ccc@cscanada.org

 Articles published in Cross-Cultural Communication are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC-BY).

 CROSS-CULTURAL COMMUNICATION Editorial Office

Address: 1055 Rue Lucien-L'Allier, Unit #772, Montreal, QC H3G 3C4, Canada.
Telephone: 1-514-558 6138 
Website: Http://www.cscanada.net; Http://www.cscanada.org 
E-mail:caooc@hotmail.com; office@cscanada.net

Copyright © Canadian Academy of Oriental and Occidental Culture