Intercultural Communication Strategies in Diplomatic Relations: A Case Study of Donald Trump’s First Visit to China

Qingliang MENG

Abstract


This paper explores the intercultural communication strategies adopted respectively by Chinese President Xi Jinping and United States’ President Donald Trump during the latter’s first state visit to China. Based on Hofstede’s theory of cultural dimensions and Hall’s theory of high-low context, the author makes an analysis of the strategies and concludes that high-low cultures will not constitute the barriers for communications between different countries with different cultures, and further points out that intercultural communication strategies in diplomatic relations, on the one hand, are embodiment of cultural dimensions, and on the other hand, are determined by leader personality, national strength and demand for interest.


Keywords


Intercultural communication strategy; Diplomatic relations; Cultural dimension; High-low culture; China (PRC); United States of America (USA)

Full Text:

PDF

References


Argyle, M. (1972). Non-verbal communication in human social interaction. In R. A. Hinde, Non-verbal communication. Oxford, England: Cambridge U. Press.

Cardon, P. W. (2008). A critique of hall’s contexting model: A meta-analysis of literature on intercultural business and technical communication, Journal Of Business and Technical Communication, 22(4).

Curtin, P. A., & Gaither, T. K. (2007). International public relations: Negotiating culture, identity, and power. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.

Goldstein, J. (1999). Mei Lanfang and the nationalization of Peking Opera, 1912-1930. Positions 7(2), 377-420.

Hall, E. T. (1976). Beyond culture (p.256). Garden City: Anchor/Doubleday.

Hall, E. T. (2000). Context and meaning, In L. A. Samovar, & R. E. Porter (Eds.). Intercultural communication: A reader ( vol 9. ). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.

Hass, B. (2017). What happens next on Trump’s super-sized state visit to China? The Guardian.

Hermann, M. G. (1980). Explaining foreign policy behavior using the personal characteristics of political leaders. International Studies Quarterly, 24(1), 7-46. doi:10.2307/2600126

Hills, M. D. (2002). Kluckhohn and Strodtbeck’s values orientation theory. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 4(4). https://doi.org/10.9707/2307-0919.1040

Hofstede, G. (1984). Culture’s consequences: International differences in work-related values (2nd ed.). Beverly Hills CA: SAGE Publications.

Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture’s Consequences: comparing values, behaviors, institutions, and organizations across nations (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.

Hofstede, G., Hofstede, G. J., & Minkov, M. (2010). Cultures and organizations: Software of the mind (3rd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.

Jackson, R. L. (2010). Encyclopedia of identity. Los Angeles: SAGE

Joliffe, L. (2003). The lure of tea: history, traditions and attractions, In C. M. Hall et al., (Eds.). Food tourism around the world: Development, management and markets. Burlington (CA): Butterworth-Heinemann.

Kittler, M. G., Rygl, D., & Mackinnon, A. (2011). International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 2(1), 63-82.

Klaes, E., Laura, N. C., Kathrin, R., Xie, F., & Tobias, G. (2015). How relevant are Hofstede’s dimensions for inter-cultural studies? A replication of Hofstede’s research among current international business students. Research in Hospitality Management, 5(2), 187-198, doi: 10.1080/22243534.2015.11828344

Kuhn, R. L. (2014). The Chinese Dream in western eyes. China Daily, 8.

Mackerras, C. (1994). Peking Opera before the twentieth century. Comparative Drama, 28(1), Early and Traditional Drama, 19-42.

Minkov, M. (2007). What makes us different and similar: A new interpretation of the World Values Survey and other cross-cultural data. Sofia, Bulgaria: Klasika y Stil Publishing House.

Ng, S. I., Lee, J. A., & Geoffrey, N. S. (2006). International Marketing Review, 24(2), 164-180.

Reeves, J. (2004). Culture and international relations: Narratives, natives, and tourists. New York: Routledge

Schmitz, L., & Weber, W. (2014). Are Hofstede’s dimensions valid? A test for measurement invariance of uncertainty avoidance. Interculture Journal, 13(2), 2.

Schwartz, S. H. & Bardi, A. (2001). Value hierarchies across cultures: Taking a similarities perspective. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 32, 268-290.

Stopniece, S. (2017). “The Chinese will not change; we have to change”: Adjustment of the finns to the Chinese in a Chinese investment facilitation context. Journal of Intercultural Communication, (44), N_A-N_A.

Ting-Toomey, S. (2010). Applying dimensional values in understanding intercultural communication. Communication Monographs, 77(2), 169-180, doi: 10.1080/03637751003790428

Wu, W. (2017, November 9). Deals galore for US firms from Trump’s China trip, but are the real trade problems being glossed over? South China Morning Post.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10684

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2019 Qingliang MENG

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Share us to:   

Remind

We are currently accepting submissions via email only.

The registration and online submission functions have been disabled.

Please send your manuscripts to ccc@cscanada.net，or  ccc@cscanada.org  for consideration. We look forward to receiving your work.

 

 Articles published in Cross-Cultural Communication are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC-BY).

 CROSS-CULTURAL COMMUNICATION Editorial Office

Address: 1055 Rue Lucien-L'Allier, Unit #772, Montreal, QC H3G 3C4, Canada.
Telephone: 1-514-558 6138 
Website: Http://www.cscanada.net; Http://www.cscanada.org 
E-mail:caooc@hotmail.com; office@cscanada.net

Copyright © Canadian Academy of Oriental and Occidental Culture